Personal Computing

A Special Report: Statistics

The Wall Street Journal

June 16, 1986

Computing, by the Numbers

Software in the Home

For use on PCs priced under $10,000 

(In thousands of units sold) 

	        1980  1981  1982  1983  1984  1985  1986* 

Games 		 231   481 2,025 5,271 7,202 7,078 6,635 
Instructional 	  21    54   260   811 1,616 2,421 2,571 
Word processing   32    75   711 1,019   967   967   913 
Spreadsheet 	   5    24   102   298   534   607   700 
Database 	   3    12    37   115   286   357   371 
Personal finance   5    15    72   199   295   301   316 
File managers 	   3    13    65   207   291   262   240 
Graphics 	   0     3    13    40    93   222   267 

(In millions of dollars sold) 

Games 		  $7   $14   $61  $174  $266  $248  $232 
Instructional 	   0.8   2    12    39    75   108   112 
Word processing   10    16    34    79   110    96    89 
Spreadsheet 	   1 5  14    33    58    60    68 
Database 	   0.3   2     4     9    20    23    25 
Personal finance   0.6   2     8    21    33    35    38 
File managers 	   0.3   1     6    18    24    19    18 
Graphics 	   0.0   0.7   2     5    10    22    26 

*Projected 

Source: Dataquest Inc., 1986 

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The Best Sellers 

The best-selling programs world-wide in each software category 

(1985 unit sales) 

Spreadsheet 

Lotus     	630,000 
Multiplan 	260,000 
Supercalc 	145,000 

Database management system 

pfs: File       476,100 
dBase           362,092 
Reflex           50,000 

Word processing 

MacWrite        266,000 
DisplayWrite    252,000 
Microsoft Word  198,000 

Integrated 

AppleWorks      240,000 
Symphony         91,000 
Framework        70,332 

Communications 

Smartcom        218,000 
Crosstalk       110,000 
MacTerminal      88,000 

Source: Dataquest Inc., 1986 

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PC Prices 

Total pcs installed in U.S., projected through 1986 

Commercial 

$6,000 - 11,999  16% 
$3,000 -  5,999  39 
$1,000 -  2,999  31 
$  500 -    999  9 
$    0 -    499  5 

Total units: 11,851,246 

Non-Commercial* 

$6,000 - 11,999   6% 
$3,000 -  5,999  21 
$1,000 -  2,999  39 
$  500 -    999  17 
$    0 -    499  17 

Total units: 3,939,870 

Home 

$6,000 - 11,999   0.1% 
$3,000 -  5,999   2 
$1,000 -  2,999  20 
$  500 -    999  21 
$    0 -    499  57 

Total units: 11,415,802 

*Primarily government and education 

Source: InforCorp, 1986 

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PC Peripherals

Domestic shipments, by units and by dollar value

(in millions of dollars)

1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986*

Modem Units 41,860 210,975 528,480 658,600 682,680 795,960 Amount $13 $74 $185 $244 $259 $310

Floppies Units 721,000 3,061,000 7,568,000 9,145,000 10,897,000 12,704,000 Amount $257 $1,071 $2,649 $3,035 $3,619 $4,219

Hard disk Units 54,000 286,000 675,000 1,566,000 2,202,000 2,912,000 Amount $70 $372 $878 $1,793 $2,481 $3,195

Printers Units 211,000 1,100,000 2,019,000 3,521,000 4,000,000 4,562,000 Amount $223 $1,058 $1,925 $2,864 $3,180 $3,602

*Projected

Source: International Data Corp., 1986

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THE PERSONAL COMPUTER MARKET 

PC Market Share (By Factory Revenue) 
(U.S. only) 

$9.0 billion 1984 

IBM 		31% 
Other 		26 
Apple 		16 
Tandy 		 7 
Commodore 	 6 
Epson 		 4 
Hewlett-Packard  4 
Compaq 		 3 
Wang 		 3 

$14.5 billion 1986* 

Other 		36% 
IBM 		26 
Apple 		 9 
Tandy 		 6 
AT&T 		 6 
Hewlett-Packard  4 
Compaq 		 4 
Commodore 	 3 
Epson 		 3 
Zenith 		 3 

*Projected 

Source: Future Computing Inc., 1986 

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Send in the Clones 

Share of the home market won by IBM and IBM-compatible 
personal computers 

Total Shipment Percent Year Home Computers IBM-Compatible PCs* IBM-Compatible* 
1982   1,748,000    20,000  1.1% 
1983   3,355,000    79,000  2.4 
1984   3,434,000   339,000  9.9 
1985   2,214,000   557,000 25.2 
1986** 2,435,000   914,000 37.5 
1987** 2,557,000 1,171,000 45.8 

*Includes IBM pcs 
**Projected 

Source: International Data Corp., 1986 

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The Top Manufacturers (By Installed Units) 

Total personal computers (priced under $12,000) in U.S., through 1985 

Units Installed Market % % Non- % (In thous.) Share Commercial Commercial Home 

Commodore 		 3,823.3  17.83% 17.3% 6.3%  76.4% 
IBM 			 3,365.3  15.69  79.4  10.9   9.7 
Apple 			 2,767.6  12.90  37.4  22.3  40.3 
Tandy 			 2,095.7   9.77  28.9  15.8  55.3 
Atari 			 1,110.2   5.18   7.5  16.3  76.2 
Texas Instruments 	 1,009.8   4.71  15.8   3.4  80.0 
Sinclair 		   750.3   3.50   0.0   0.0 100.0 
Sharp 			   601.2   2.80  21.2  27.3  51.5 
Compaq 			   381.6   1.78  89.9   5.5   4.6 
Hewlett- Packard 	   359.3   1.68  57.5  37.9   4.6 
Coleco 			   293.0   1.37   0.0   0.0 100.0 
AT&T 			   271.2   1.26  71.8  19.1   9.1 
Kyocera** 		   259.5   1.21  55.0  30.0  15.0 
Kaypro 			   227.1   1.06  61.4  10.9  27.7 
Wang 			   227.0   1.06  94.4   5.2   0.4 
Digital Equipment 	   210.0   0.98  72.2  27.3   0.5 
Zenith 			   201.7   0.94  69.3  15.4  15.3 
Convergent 		   167.2   0.78 100.0   0.0   0.0 
Casio 			   137.6   0.64  32.8  32.9  34.3 
Sanyo 			   135.2   0.63  60.1  17.4  22.5 
Franklin 		   131.0   0.61  40.0  10.0  50.0 
Osburne 		   110.0   0.51  60.0  15.0  25.0 
NBI 			    92.9   0.43  92.5   0.0   7.5 
Epson 			    92.1   0.43  86.9   4.0   9.1 
CPT 			    81.1   0.38 100.0   0.0   0.0 
NEC 			    77.6   0.36  60.5  14.2  25.3 
Mitsubishi 		    73.6   0.34  70.0  30.0   0.0 
Spectravideo 		    58.0   0.27   2.9  17.1  80.0 
Columbia Data Systems 	    55.6   0.26  84.2   9.7   6.1 
NCR 			    55.2   0.26  83.7  16.1   0.2 
Televideo 		    52.4   0.24  90.1   9.9   0.0 
Olivetti 		    49.3   0.23  79.1  14.6   6.3 
Cordata (Corona) 	    47.6   0.22  83.7   9.2   7.1
Xerox 			    47.4   0.22 100.0   0.0   0.0 
Data General 		    46.1   0.21  65.5  33.6   0.9 
ITT 			    45.5   0.21  91.9   7.4   0.7 
Victor 			    39.5   0.18  89.9   5.8   4.3 
Morrow 			    38.3   0.18  61.9  19.6  18.5 
NorthStar 		    33.7   0.16  78.5  15.2   6.3 
Lanier 			    30.7   0.14  89.9   0.0  10.1 
Ontel 			    30.3   0.14  85.1  13.9   1.0 
Matsushita 		    30.1   0.14  35.5  19.6  44.9 
All others 		 1,735.1   8.11 
TOTAL 			21,446.9 100.00% 40.9% 14.6% 44.5% 

*Primarily education and government 
**Makes the Tandy 100 

Source: InfoCorp, 1986 

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Then and Now 

Prices and features of IBM personal computers at 
time of introduction compared with current models* 

Original PC 
Introduced  Price  Features 
August 1981 $2,235  48K memory  (24 pages) 1 160-kilobyte disk drive (80 pages) 
April 1986  $1,845 256K memory (128 pages) 1 360-kilobyte disk drive (180 pages) 

PC XT 
Introduced  Price  Features 
March 1983  $4,995 128K memory  (64 pages) 1 360-kilobyte disk drive (180 pages) 10-megabyte hard disk (5,000 pages) 
April 1986  $2,895 256K memory (128 pages) 1 360-kilobyte disk drive (180 pages) 10-megabyte hard disk (5,000 pages) 

PC AT 
Introduced  Price  Features 
August 1984 $5,795 512K memory (256 pages) 1 1.2-megabyte disk drive (600 pages) 20-megabyte hard disk (10,000 pages) 
April 1986  $4,895 (same features) 

*IBM suggested retail prices for systems excluding monitors

Copyright (c) 1986, Dow Jones & Co., Inc.